{"id":8444,"date":"2023-11-02T08:27:08","date_gmt":"2023-11-02T08:27:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lhm-instrumentation.eu\/?p=8444"},"modified":"2023-11-16T09:20:20","modified_gmt":"2023-11-16T09:20:20","slug":"quest-ce-quune-diode","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lhm-instrumentation.eu\/fr\/kenniscentrum\/wat-is-een-diode\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu'est-ce qu'une diode ?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Qu'est-ce qu'une diode ?<\/h4>\n

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Une\u00a0diode<\/strong>\u00a0est un composant semi-conducteur qui constitue une sorte d'interrupteur \u00e0 sens unique pour le courant. Il permet au courant de circuler facilement dans une direction, mais difficilement dans la direction oppos\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

Les diodes sont \u00e9galement appel\u00e9es\u00a0redresseurs<\/strong>\u00a0appel\u00e9es diodes, car elles convertissent le courant alternatif (CA) en courant continu (CC) puls\u00e9. Les diodes sont class\u00e9es en fonction de leur type, de leur tension et de leur capacit\u00e9 de courant.<\/p>\n

Les diodes sont polaires : elles ont une\u00a0anode<\/strong>\u00a0(c\u00f4t\u00e9 positif) et un\u00a0cathode<\/strong>\u00a0(c\u00f4t\u00e9 n\u00e9gatif). La plupart des diodes ne laissent passer le courant que lorsqu'une tension positive est appliqu\u00e9e \u00e0 l'anode. Diff\u00e9rentes configurations de diodes sont illustr\u00e9es dans cette figure :<\/p>\n

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Les diodes sont disponibles dans diff\u00e9rentes configurations. De gauche \u00e0 droite : bo\u00eetier m\u00e9tallique, diode \u00e0 vis, bo\u00eetier en plastique avec bande, bo\u00eetier en plastique avec chanfrein, bo\u00eetier en verre.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Lorsqu'une diode laisse passer le courant, elle est\u00a0polaris\u00e9 dans le sens de la marche<\/strong>. Lorsqu'une diode implique\u00a0pr\u00e9charge dans le sens du verrouillage<\/strong>, Il agit comme un isolant et ne permet pas le passage de l'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\u00c9trange mais vrai : la fl\u00e8che du symbole de la diode pointe dans la direction oppos\u00e9e \u00e0 l'\u00e9mission d'\u00e9lectrons. La raison en est que ce symbole a \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7u par des ing\u00e9nieurs : Ce symbole a \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7u par des ing\u00e9nieurs et, dans leur repr\u00e9sentation sch\u00e9matique, le courant passe du c\u00f4t\u00e9 positif (+) de la source de tension au c\u00f4t\u00e9 n\u00e9gatif (-). La m\u00eame convention s'applique aux symboles de semi-conducteurs dans lesquels des fl\u00e8ches sont utilis\u00e9es : la fl\u00e8che pointe dans le sens \u2018habituel\u2019 autoris\u00e9 du flux de courant, et \u00e0 l'oppos\u00e9 du sens autoris\u00e9 du flux d'\u00e9lectrons.<\/p>\n

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Lors d'un test de diode avec un multim\u00e8tre num\u00e9rique, la diode produit une petite tension entre les fils d'essai, qui est suffisamment forte pour polariser une diode de couche dans le sens direct. La chute de tension normale se situe entre 0,5 et 0,8 V. La r\u00e9sistance d'une diode fonctionnant correctement dans le sens direct se situe entre 1000 ohms et 10 ohms si tout va bien. Lorsqu'il y a une tension de polarisation dans le sens inverse, l'affichage d'une diode de couche dans le sens direct est de 0,5 \u00e0 0,8V.\u00a0multim\u00e8tre num\u00e9rique<\/a>\u00a0la valeur OL s'affiche (elle indique une r\u00e9sistance tr\u00e8s \u00e9lev\u00e9e).<\/p>\n

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Les diodes sont con\u00e7ues pour un courant nominal sp\u00e9cifique. Si ce courant est d\u00e9pass\u00e9 et que la diode est d\u00e9faillante, un court-circuit peut se produire et a) le courant peut circuler dans les deux sens ou b) le courant peut s'arr\u00eater dans les deux sens.<\/p>\n

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R\u00e9f\u00e9rence :<\/strong>\u00a0Digital Multimeter Principles par Glen A. Mazur, American Technical Publishers.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n

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Demandez conseil \u00e0 nos experts<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Qu'est-ce qu'une diode ? Une diode est un composant semi-conducteur qui constitue une sorte d'interrupteur \u00e0 sens unique pour le courant. Elle permet au courant de circuler facilement dans une direction, mais difficilement dans la direction oppos\u00e9e. Les diodes sont \u00e9galement appel\u00e9es redresseurs car elles convertissent le courant alternatif (CA) en...","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":8445,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[302,279],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8444","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-algemeen","category-kenniscentrum"],"yoast_head":"\nWat is een diode? - LHM Instrumentation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Een diode is een halfgeleidercomponent die een soort eenrichtingsschakelaar voor stroom vormt. 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